Meta-analysis of Lung Cancer Patients in COVID-19

Background: Lung cancer patients have a higher chance of getting infected and showing severe outcomes from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This infection influences the respiratory system, albeit other organs are also involved with high risk related to health. The blend of COVID-19 disease and lung cancer predicts a higher mortality rate and more serious clinical results. Objective(s): This research reports the Systematic Review and Meta-analysis correlation between COVID-19 patients with lung cancer and comprehensive proof with regards to the mortality of these patients. Method(s): A systematic review and meta-analysis were planned to evaluate the data from a PubMed systematic search on Lung Cancer Patients reported by COVID-19, as well as an efficient literature review and information research from 2019 to 2021. Result(s): 22 out of 3639 review and research literature assessments were gathered, and 10951 patients were COVID +ve and suffering from can-cer, with 21% of the patients suffering from SCLC and NSCLC, and lung cancer accounting for 6% of the mortality. Conclusion(s): Lung cancer patients who are suffering from COVID-19 additionally reflected the se-riousness of the illness and higher rates of intensive care unit confirmations and mechanical ventila-tion. COVID-19 in patients with lung cancer is related to extreme disease and expanded mortality compared with patients with different tumours. There is conflicting proof of explicit lung cancer therapies' results. Until more conclusive data is available, lung cancer-coordinated therapy should be restarted as soon as possible in mild to moderate cases to avoid decline and cancer-related mor-tality.Copyright © 2023 Bentham Science Publishers.

Transcriptional profiles and common genes link lung cancer with the development and severity of COVID-19.

Lung cancer patients with COVID-19 present an increased risk of developing severe disease and, consequently, have poor outcomes. Determining SARS-CoV-2-host interactome in lung cancer cells and tissues, infected or uninfected with SARS-CoV-2, may reveal molecular mechanisms associated with COVID-19 development and severity in lung cancer patients. Here, we integrated transcriptome data of lung tumors from patients with small- or non-small cell lung cancer (SCLC and NSCLC) and normal lung and lung cancer cells infected with SARS-CoV-2. We aimed to characterize molecular mechanisms potentially associated with COVID-19 development and severity in lung cancer patients and to predict the SARS-CoV-2-host cell interactome. We found that the gene expression profiles of lung cell lines infected with SARS-CoV-2 resemble more primary lung tumors than non-malignant lung tissues. In addition, the transcriptomic-based interactome analysis of SCLC and NSCLC revealed increased expression of cancer genes BRCA1 and CENPF, whose proteins are known or predicted to interact with the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein and helicase, respectively. We also found that TRIB3, a gene coding a putative host-SARS-CoV-2 interacting protein associated with COVID-19 infection, is co-expressed with the up-regulated genes MTHFD2, ADM2, and GPT2 in all tested conditions. Our analysis identified biological processes such as amino acid metabolism and angiogenesis and 22 host mediators of SARS-CoV-2 infection and replication that may contribute to the development and severity of COVID-19 in lung cancers.

The Impact of COVID-19 on Lung Cancer Incidence in England: Analysis of the National Lung Cancer Audit 2019 and 2020 Rapid Cancer Registration Datasets.

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused significant disruption to health-care services and delivery worldwide. The impact of the pandemic and associated national lockdowns on lung cancer incidence in England have yet to be assessed. RESEARCH QUESTION: What was the impact of the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic on the incidence and presentation of lung cancer in England? STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: In this retrospective observational study, incidence rates for lung cancer were calculated from The National Lung Cancer Audit Rapid Cancer Registration Datasets for 2019 and 2020, using midyear population estimates from the Office of National Statistics as the denominators. Rates were compared using Poisson regression according to time points related to national lockdowns in 2020. RESULTS: Sixty-four thousand four hundred fifty-seven patients received a diagnosis of lung cancer across 2019 (n = 33,088) and 2020 (n = 31,369). During the first national lockdown, a 26% reduction in lung cancer incidence was observed compared with the equivalent calendar period of 2019 (adjusted incidence rate ratio [IRR], 0.74; 95% CI, 0.71-0.78). This included a 23% reduction in non-small cell lung cancer (adjusted IRR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.74-0.81) and a 45% reduction in small cell lung cancer (adjusted IRR, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.46-0.65) incidence. Thereafter, incidence rates almost recovered to baseline, without overcompensation (adjusted IRR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.94-0.98). INTERPRETATION: The incidence rates of lung cancer in England fell significantly by 26% during the first national lockdown in 2020 and did not compensate later in the year.

Coronavirus Disease 2019 Infection in a Patient Population with Lung Cancer: Incidence, Presentation, and Alternative Diagnostic Considerations.

INTRODUCTION: Lung cancer is associated with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infections. Symptom overlap between COVID-19 and lung cancer may complicate diagnostic evaluation. We aimed to investigate the incidence, symptoms, differential diagnosis, and outcomes of COVID-19 in patients with lung cancer. METHODS: To determine an at-risk population for COVID-19, we retrospectively identified patients with lung cancer receiving longitudinal care within a single institution in the 12 months (April 1, 2019 to March 31, 2020) immediately preceding the COVID-19 pandemic, including an "active therapy population" treated within the last 60 days of this period. Among patients subsequently referred for COVID-19 testing, we compared symptoms, laboratory values, radiographic findings, and outcomes of positive versus negative patients. RESULTS: Between April 1, 2019 and March 31, 2020, a total of 696 patients received longitudinal care, including 406 (58%) in the active therapy population. Among 55 patients referred for COVID-19 testing, 24 (44%) were positive for COVID-19, representing a cumulative incidence of 3.4% (longitudinal population) and 1.5% (active therapy population). Compared with patients who were COVID-19 negative, those who were COVID-19 positive were more likely to have a supplemental oxygen requirement (11% versus 54%, p = 0.005) and to have typical COVID-19 pneumonia imaging findings (5 versus 56%, p = 0.001). Otherwise, there were no marked differences in presenting symptoms. Among patients who were COVID-19 negative, alternative etiologies included treatment-related toxicity (26%), atypical pneumonia (22%), and disease progression (22%). A total of 16 patients positive for COVID-19 (67%) required hospitalization, and seven (29%) died from COVID-related complications. CONCLUSIONS: COVID-19 was infrequent in this lung cancer population, but these patients experienced high rates of morbidity and mortality. Oncologists should maintain a low threshold for COVID-19 testing in patients with lung cancer presenting with acute symptoms.